Accession criteria
, 165, 175
AfD (Alternative für Deutschland)
, 138–139, 144–154
Agency
, 80, 101, 190, 192, 197, 214, 246, 266
Albania
, 238, 240–242, 244–245, 247–249, 251–254, 255n3
Analogies
, 164, 166, 176–182
Anderson, Benedict
, 15, 42, 62, 91, 115, 138
Anti-immigration
, 41, 62, 63, 71, 72, 77, 79, 80, 81, 89, 121
Anti-semitism
, 62, 116, 263, 269, 270, 273
Asylum-seekers
, 4, 86, 88, 89, 286
Austerity
, 1, 3, 39, 54, 162, 163, 165–168, 170, 172, 173, 174, 175, 181, 182, 188, 189, 206, 286
Austria
, 10, 39, 40–42, 44, 46, 47, 49, 56, 86, 261
‘Axis of difference’/Avtar Brah
, 286
Baltic countries
, 175, 181
‘Banal Europeanism’
, 7, 39, 40, 286
Barroso, José Manuel
, 214, 217, 219, 223, 226–234
Bauman, Zygmunt
, 4, 5, 265
Baumann, Gerd and Gingrich, André
, 39, 44, 54
Beck, Ulrich
, 5, 15, 261, 287
Billig, Michael
, 19, 42, 43, 64, 118, 124
Borders
, 4, 26, 45, 62, 72, 86, 120, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 249
Boundaries
, 4, 9, 26, 28, 46, 49, 78, 89, 288
Boundary negotiations
, 10
Brexit
, 3, 4, 10, 39, 155
British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)
, 64, 65
Brussels
, 44, 45, 51, 118, 123, 126, 127, 128, 129, 132, 148, 175, 178
BZÖ (Bündnis Zukunft Österreich)
, 47
Cameron, David
, 29n15, 50, 56, 64, 79, 82, 217, 231, 232
Castells, Manuel
, 5, 15, 43, 138, 142, 153, 285, 288
Categories
, 7, 28n2, 44, 45, 56, 62, 87, 88.164, 194, 208n21
CDU (Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands)
, 146, 148, 155n13
Centrifugal forces
, 3, 285
Christianity
, 99, 127, 246
Citizen
, 22, 43, 44, 80, 244
Civil society
, 17, 153, 260, 280, 286
Claim
, 39, 43, 63, 73, 78, 92, 116, 151, 201, 225, 240, 241, 250, 252
Coalition
, 38, 41, 153, 162, 167, 181, 182, 241, 242
Cognitive categories
, 6, 191, 208n21
Cognitive linguistics
, 85, 91, 192
Collective memory
, 246, 261, 262, 263, 267, 270, 271, 279
Communism
, 246, 261, 262, 264, 268, 273, 274, 276, 278, 279
Conceptualization
, 45, 91, 93
Concordances
, 104, 118, 120, 121, 219, 221, 223, 227, 228, 231, 232
Conservatives
, 64, 216, 217, 232
Contexts
, 6–10, 19, 20, 39, 40–44, 118, 120, 195–197, 269
Corpus linguistics
, 88, 94, 95, 108n4, 218
Corpus-assisted discourse studies (CADS)
, 217
Co-text
, 20, 95, 219, 221, 224, 227, 231
Counter-history
, 263, 271, 279
Cram, Laura
, 7, 39, 40, 286
Crises
, 2–8, 41, 42, 54, 55, 164, 285, 286
Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA)
, 8, 9, 10, 18, 19, 39, 42, 43, 85, 88, 91, 94, 164, 267
Critical Discourse Studies
, 192
Czech Republic
, 214, 215, 231, 233, 264, 265, 279
Daily Mail
, 217, 218, 225, 232, 234n3
Debt
, 77, 150, 154, 181, 188, 286
Deixis
, 19–24, 26, 43, 44, 49, 54, 56, 190
Discourse historical approach
, 42, 88, 164
Discourse
, 8, 9, 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, 27, 87–90, 116, 163, 191, 195, 198–206, 249, 260, 261, 263, 266, 267, 268, 276
Discursive formation
, 262, 268, 275
DPA (Democratic Party of Albania)
, 242, 245, 248
DUI (Democratic Union for Integration)
, 241, 242, 245, 248
East Europeans
, 74, 79, 81
Eastern Europe
, 2, 63, 66, 71, 84, 259–280
EEA (European Economic Area)
, 77
EU citizens
, 16, 29n8, 222, 225
EU scepticism
, 38, 41, 45, 47
EU summit meeting
, 175, 178, 181
Eurobarometer
, 41, 52, 166
European Central Bank
, 162, 188, 204, 206n1
European Commission
, 29n8, 47, 48, 51, 107n2, 162, 188, 206n1, 226, 249
European Constitution
, 29n5, 117, 214, 232
European identities
, 13–29
European integration
, 4, 47, 116, 117, 138, 143, 147, 148, 163, 165, 212, 216, 288
European Parliament
, 4, 41, 53, 131, 139, 146, 148, 156n21
European Union
, 1, 24, 38, 62, 84, 115, 117, 127, 128, 130, 138, 147, 148, 154, 162, 170, 222, 226, 252, 268, 285
Europeanness
, 14, 17, 18, 19, 21–27, 28, 84
Euro-scepticism
, 143, 144, 145, 148, 149, 150, 152
Eurozone
, 1, 3, 7, 39, 49, 54, 147, 165, 167–169, 173–175, 176, 179, 206n1
Fairclough, Norman
, 9, 15, 18, 19, 84, 85, 213, 214, 219, 233, 287
Far right
, 5, 47, 116, 139, 148
Foucault, Michel
, 260, 263, 266, 268
FPÖ (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs)
, 38, 41, 46, 47, 55
France
, 3, 10, 75, 80, 86, 87, 114, 117, 119, 121, 123, 126, 128, 129, 130, 214, 220–224, 261
Front National
, 113–133, 138
Germany
, 3, 10, 23, 86, 99, 100, 103, 126, 128, 129, 130, 133n15, 137–156, 166, 174, 175, 178, 181, 261, 286
Globalization
, 45, 47, 53, 116, 117, 132
Golden Dawn
, 163, 168, 176
‘Grammars of identity’
, 39, 44, 45, 53, 54, 56
Greece
, 10, 47, 85–87, 104, 131, 138, 144, 162, 163, 165–170, 173–178, 180, 206n1, 238, 246–253, 255n1, 286
Guibernau, Montserrat
, 7, 40
Ideology
, 8–11, 51, 129, 163, 205, 214, 242, 278
‘Imagined communities’
, 15, 18, 114
IMF (International Monetary Fund)
, 162, 166, 188, 189, 206n1
Indexicality
, 14, 18, 19–21, 23, 27
Intellectuals
, 143, 264, 265, 273, 277, 278, 279, 280n1
Inter-discursivity
, 20, 267, 269, 280
Ireland
, 144, 206n1, 213–215, 217, 221, 222, 224, 227, 231
Italy
, 3, 18, 45, 85, 86, 100
Karamanlis, Konstantinos
, 165, 169
Karner, Christian
, 6, 40, 42, 45, 46, 54, 287
Kathimerini
, 164, 168, 169
KKE (Greek Communist Party)
, 168
Klaus, Vaclav
, 214, 215, 217, 219, 230, 231–232, 233, 234
Kopytowska, Monika
, 10, 90, 92–95, 106, 201
Koselleck, Reinhart
, 260, 266
Kronen Zeitung
, 39, 42, 43, 44, 45, 48, 50
Krzyżanowski, Michał
, 2, 8, 14, 17, 18, 41, 42, 43, 44, 115, 267, 278, 285
Kwaśniewski, Aleksander
, 264, 270
Manifestos
, 139, 149, 151, 286
Meanings
, 2, 10, 19, 97, 105, 267
Media
, 8, 10, 39, 42, 43, 48, 76, 78, 79, 84–95, 106, 107, 117, 145, 149, 151, 152, 155n17, 166, 167, 189, 201, 206, 212, 213, 233, 247, 265, 274, 285, 286
Media Proximization Approach (MPA)
, 85, 106
Memorandum
, 163, 166, 167, 168, 177, 181
Menasse, Robert
, 43, 51, 288
Merkel, Angela
, 1, 143, 217, 219, 220, 223, 227, 228
Metaphors
, 19, 68, 88, 117, 164, 182, 213, 222
‘Methodological nationalism’
, 15, 287
Migration
, 4, 77, 85, 86–90, 100, 101, 121–123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 132, 154
Miłosz, Czesław
, 264, 274
Mudde, Cus
, 41, 62, 138, 163
Multiculturalism
, 63, 64, 116, 238, 239, 241–244, 254
Muslims
, 86, 105, 107, 116, 242
Paradigm
, 127, 172, 175, 241
Party manifesto
, 139, 145, 147, 149
PASOK (Pan-Hellenic Socialist Movement)
, 165, 168, 175
Poland
, 10, 84, 85, 86, 95, 99, 103, 104, 106, 214, 259–280
Political linguistics
, 2, 9, 11n1, 285, 286, 287
Political philosophy
, 239, 279
‘Politics of affect’
, 126–132
Politics/politicians
, 6, 7, 14, 15, 44, 47, 48, 51, 53, 54, 56, 62, 114, 115, 117, 118, 131, 140, 143, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 163, 239–241, 246, 251, 253, 254, 262, 276, 287
Portugal
, 10, 45, 47, 131, 144, 187–208
Post-communist countries
, 264
Post-national democracy
, 51
Power-knowledge
, 263, 268
Profil
, 42, 44, 45, 49, 50, 51, 53, 54
Proximization
, 85, 92-93, 95, 99, 103, 107
Public intellectuals
, 1, 39, 43, 50, 286
Public opinion
, 17, 87, 140, 163, 165, 166, 176, 189, 201, 207n2, 244, 264
Public sphere
, 17, 168, 241, 262, 265, 269, 278
Racism
, 62, 67, 81, 116, 144
Referendum
, 1, 29n15, 41, 44, 64, 128, 162, 163, 165, 167, 168, 170, 173–176, 177, 178, 181, 182, 189, 214–217, 221–223, 225, 227, 239, 247, 251, 253
Refugee crisis
, 4, 10, 39, 55, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90, 95, 96, 106
Reisigl, Martin
, 2, 9, 19, 41, 43, 114, 164, 267
Re-nationalization
, 39, 54
Rhetoric
, 9, 52, 61–81, 89, 118, 122, 125, 138, 148, 149, 150, 151, 153, 165, 190, 200, 251, 268, 271, 286
Romania
, 18, 21, 70, 72, 264
Sarkozy, Nicolas
, 214, 215, 217, 219, 220–226, 228, 230, 234
Searle, John
, 87, 91, 99, 112
Self-victimization
, 138, 141, 142, 149, 153, 154, 155n7
Single currency (Euro)
, 144, 147–148, 149, 150
Skopje
, 239, 243, 246, 252
Social practice
, 8, 9, 20, 116, 268, 286
Social reality
, 84, 85, 91, 92
Social transformation
, 239, 261
Soviets
, 155n18, 260, 262, 268, 275
Spain
, 22, 23, 29n13, 45, 75, 80, 117
Speech
, 115, 126, 129, 151, 152, 170, 251, 266, 270–271, 273, 278
SPÖ (Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs)
, 38, 46
Statements
, 39, 56, 120, 122, 149, 150, 151, 194, 197, 198, 207n8, 238, 239, 242, 243, 244, 247, 248, 251, 252, 254, 268, 275, 287
Status quo
, 43, 47, 48, 49, 51, 89, 91, 107, 252, 285
Structure-agency dichotomy
, 286
Syntagma square
, 170, 173, 179, 181
Syriza
, 138, 162, 167, 170, 171, 177, 178, 179, 181
Text
, 41, 96, 214, 215, 218, 246, 274, 279
The Daily Telegraph
, 215, 216, 218, 221, 222, 227, 229
The Independent
, 178, 218, 232
The Sun
, 79, 105, 216, 218, 221, 227, 229
The Sunday Times
, 218, 222, 223, 227, 229
The Times
, 216, 217, 218, 224
Topos
, 24, 25, 43, 48, 49, 51, 151
See also Topoi
Transitivity
, 213, 214, 220
Transnational memory
, 287
Transnationalism
, 13–29, 288
Tsipras, Alexis
, 1, 168, 178, 181
TTIP (Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership)
, 48, 52
Turkey
, 24, 86, 87, 100, 127, 253
Values
, 2, 8, 22, 23, 88, 107, 116, 117, 124, 151, 213, 271, 273, 277, 285
Van Dijk, Teun
, 81, 120, 162, 190–192, 203, 213, 233
Venizelos, Eleftherios
, 176, 248
Verbs
, 101, 107, 124, 192, 194, 196, 219, 220, 224–233
Verfassungspatriotismus
, 143
Victimization
, 166, 167, 182
VMRO-DPMNE (Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization)
, 242